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Journal of the Korean Society for Surgery of the Hand 2006;11(4):211-220.
Published online December 1, 2006.
In Vitro Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells into Schwann Cell-like Cells in Adult Rats
Seok-Whan Song, Seung-Koo Rhee, Han-Yong Lee, Joo-Hyoun Song, Yoon-Min Lee, Joo-Yup Lee
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
성숙 백서의 골수기질세포에서 슈반세포양 세포로의 분화 유도
송석환, 이승구, 이한용, 송주현, 이윤민, 이주엽
가톨릭대학교 의과대학 정형외과학교실
Correspondence:  Joo-Yup Lee, Tel: 031-249-7186, Fax: 031-254-7186, 
Email: hand@vincent.cuk.ac.kr
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of differentiation protocols of bone marrow stromal cells (MSC) into differentiated Schwann celllike cells (dMSC) to offer new therapeutic strategies for peripheral nerve regeneration.
Materials and Methods: MSC were isolated and cultured from the tibia bone marrow of adult male Wistar rat. β-mercaptoethanol, all-trans retinoic acid, forskolin, b-FGF, Heregulin-β, and PDGF-AA were administered to rat MSC, cultured for 2, 7, and 14 days, in order to differentiate into cells with a phenotype similar to that of SC. To compare morphologic and functional activities of each MSC, dMSC, and SC cultured from the rat sciatic nerve, phase-contrast microscopic evaluation and immunocytochemisty with S-100 and GFAP, known as the markers of Schwann cell were done.

Results
Phase-contrast microscopy revealed that dMSC were morphologically different from MSC but resembled SC. Most of dMSC and SC were positive to S-100 and GFAP, but MSC were negative to these Schwann cell markers. The ratio of positively stained cells is higher in dMSC for 7 days and SC. Quantitative difference was also found in Western blot assays.

Conclusion
Results in this study suggested that MSC are capable of differentiating into dMSC in vitro, which may be a promising candidate for peripheral nerve tissue engineering in the future.
Key Words: Marrow stromal cells, Schwann cells, Nerve regeneration
 
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